Обои на виниловой основе разделяются на легкие и тяжелые. В свое время спрос на них очень сильно упал, а репутация практически всех производителей была сильно подмочена. Речь идет о середине 90-х годов, когда виниловые обои только-только вошли в моду и были новинкой. Причем, не только для покупателей, но и для изготовителей.
Оказалось, винил в чистом виде очень плохо пропускает водяной пар, что незамедлительно сказывается на микроклимате в помещении, оклеенном обоями на виниловой основе. Ведь человек ежесекундно выделяет в окружающую среду водяной пар вместе с выдыхаемым воздухом и испарениями с кожных покровов. Если поверхности помещения не способны пропускать пар, то в нём скапливается сырость.
Учитывая, что при ремонте уже давно стало нормой устанавливать окна ПВХ и межкомнатные двери с глухим притвором, можно не удивляться, почему на стенах и откосах появляется плесень.
Проблема была решена в конце 90-х. Тогда вместо обычного винила в производстве обоев стали применять вспененный. Этот материал обладает гораздо лучшими паропропускающими свойствами (порядка 100 г водяного пара на 1 кв.м обоев в сутки), что тут же вызвало небывалый рост спроса на них. Этот бум продолжается до сих пор.
Обои на виниловой основе стойко удерживают первое место по объемам производства и продаж. Ведь этот пластик способен принимать самые причудливые формы и окрашивается в любые цвета и оттенки. Его можно сочетать с другими материалами – тканями, бисером, стразами и т.д.
Между легкими и тяжелыми обоями на виниловой основе разница существенная. Не только по массе, но и по способам подготовки поверхностей.
Так, для обычных виниловых обоев требуется очень тщательная подготовка. Стены должны быть ошпаклеваны, зашлифованы и загрунтованы так, чтобы на них ни в коем случае не оставалось выпуклых мест и частиц (песка, остатков шпаклевки и прочее). Кроме того, шпаклевка должна очень крепко держаться на стене. Ведь даже самые маленькие включения будут видны под тонкими обоями на виниловой основе. Это очень портит эффект от них. Кроме того, важно, чтобы валик для нанесения клея, весь инструмент и руки были чистыми.
С тяжелыми обоями на виниловой основе работать проще. Они не так критичны к качеству подготовки основания. Нет, это не означает, что их можно наклеивать прямо на штукатурку, но шпаклевочные слои могут быть зашлифованы не до такого состояния, как при работе с обычным винилом. Допускаются небольшие раковины, царапины и вмятины. Однако, оставлять песок и выпуклые части на шпаклевке тоже не стоит.
Не смотря на свою рельефность и толщину, тяжелые виниловые обои не могут считаться панацеей от всех косяков, допущенных в ходе подготовительных работ.
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